Thursday, May 14, 2020

Tma 5 - 2095 Words

TMA 5 – Report on the wellbeing of children Statement of Ethical Consideration I confirm that I am currently meeting the pre-requisites for E105 as set out in the pre-registration information for students and have a valid Agreement with Confirmer Form(s). For this TMA I have only used material drawn from the setting(s) identified on my employer Permission Agreement Form(s). In this TMA I have adhered to the E105 ethical guidance by: * Gaining permission from my setting to include and analysis their policies. * I have included references to what I have included and analysed. * I have discussed with my confirmer what I am doing and then my final report. Introduction My setting is a 54 place private day nursery that is attached to a†¦show more content†¦one of the key messages is â€Å"Strong links between the setting and other professionals such as health visitors and community paediatricians are vital† (EYFS factsheet cited in E105 (2010). This enables the practioners to gain information and advice on activities to promote the child’s development according to the child’s need. For example; to develop a child’s understanding of the routine, an outside practioners suggested to use objects for object reference; i.e. a nappy for when their nappy needs to be changed. This then developed the child’s understanding and in time will make them realise where to go without adult support. Teamwork and communication is vital for a child’s development and well-being especially with children with SEN. Communication between parents and practioners and other agencies is promoted in the setting through having a set key person. A trusting relationship should be built as â€Å"Trusting relationships between practioners and parents, and with professionals from other services are vital† (EYFS factsheet cited in E105 (2010). Confidentiality should be kept in mind when approaching parents and other practioners, but the best interests of the children must be kept at the fore front of our minds. I feel my setting, works well with other agencies and has implemented one to one times with children with SEN, to focus on areas they need to develop. This gives us the opportunity to assess and develop each of the areas ofShow MoreRelatedFinancial Accounting Concepts And Practices958 Words   |  4 Pages Arab Open University B291: TMA – 2nd Semester 2016-2017 About TMA: The TMA covers the financial accounting concepts and practices in the businesses. It is marked out of 100 and is worth 20% of the overall assessment component. It is intended to assess students’ understanding of some of the learning points within Books 1 to 5. This TMA requires you to apply the course concepts. The TMA is intended to: ïÆ'Ëœ Increase the students’ knowledge about the reality of the accounting as a profession. ïÆ'ËœRead MoreComputer Studies : Problem Solving Questions1672 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents are required to submit their own TMA work and avoid plagiarism. The AOU has implemented sophisticated techniques for plagiarism detection. You must provide all references in case you use and quote another person s work in your TMA. You will be penalized for any act of plagiarism as per the AOU s rules and regulations. Declaration of No Plagiarism by Student (to be signed and submitted by student with TMA work): I hereby declare that this submitted TMA work is a result of my own efforts andRead MoreAssignment 4 Pugin1371 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Leigh Hamilton AA100 TMA 4 In what ways did Pugin’s revival of the Gothic use tradition as a form of dissent? Essay Plan Introduction – What is dissent? Introduce Pugin Paragraphs 1 2 – Pugin’s aims and inspiration Paragraph 3 – Attack on the era of Reformations and Protestantism. Plate 4.7 â€Å"decay of taste†. Difference in Church styles. Paragraph 4 – Treatment of the poor. Plate 2.4.11 Paragraph 5 – â€Å"Christian† architecture – pointing upwards. Paragraphs 6 7 – Emphasis on Britain’s’ greatnessRead MoreQuestions On Arab Open University Of Computing Studies727 Words   |  3 PagesFaculty of computing studies Discrete Mathematics. M131. 2016_2017. TMA Name: Mariam Ahmed Mostafa Abdelmnem Mohamed. ID: 1551310073 Group : 4 I hereby declare that this submitted TMA work is a result of my own efforts and I have not plagiarized any other person s work. I have provided all references of information that I have used and quoted in my TMA work. Name of Student: Mariam Ahmed Mostafa Abdelmnem MohamedRead MoreNotes On Marketing Management Course Code Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesWeight 35 30 35 100 Marks Marks deduction Criteria Presentation Referencing Word Count E-Library Total Up to 5 5 5 5 20 Marks 100 Student’s Total Mark /100 Notes on plagiarism: A. According to the Arab Open University By-laws, the following acts represent cases of cheating and plagiarism: ï‚ § Verbatim copying of printed material and submitting them as part of TMAs without proper academic acknowledgement and documentation. ï‚ § Verbatim copying of material from the Internet, includingRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking Among Young People1270 Words   |  6 Pagesimpacts of trying to fit into society can lead to. Smoking has become a very common habit amongst young people as they see at as a way of fitting into their social network of friends. This attitude and behaviour linked to smoking is costing the NHS around 5 billion a year- treating smoking related conditions etc. It is estimated that 207,000 young adolescents start smoking every year. From the population of adults smokers 2/3 started before the age of 18. Smoking generally starts at an early age and thenRead MoreQuestions On Marketing Management Course Code Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesWeight 25 25 50 100 Marks Marks deduction Criteria Presentation Referencing Word Count E-Library Total Up to 5 5 5 5 20 Marks 100 Student’s Total Mark /100 Notes on plagiarism: A. According to the Arab Open University By-laws, the following acts represent cases of cheating and plagiarism: ï‚ § Verbatim copying of printed material and submitting them as part of TMAs without proper academic acknowledgement and documentation. ï‚ § Verbatim copying of material from the Internet, includingRead MoreAcademic Year2016 -2017Semester: Spring 2017 (Second Semester).1235 Words   |  5 Pages10 100 Marks Marks deduction Criteria Presentation Referencing Word Count E-Library Total Up to (5) (5) Marks 100 Student’s Total Mark /100 Notes on plagiarism: A. According to the Arab Open University By-laws, the following acts represent cases of cheating and plagiarism: ï‚ § Verbatim copying of printed material and submitting them as part of TMAs without proper academic acknowledgement and documentation. ï‚ § Verbatim copying of material from the Internet, includingRead MoreM150 Tma22152 Words   |  9 PagesM150 Data, computing and information M150 AB1 Assignment Booklet 1 Contents TMA M150 01 2006J Cut-off date 14 November 2006 This assignment should be submitted via the Electronic TMA (eTMA) system. You should write your solutions to the questions in a single wordprocessed document, which is named using your OUCU (e.g. tst99) as follows: tst99_TMA01 Head the document with your name, the number of the TMA (as given above) and your Personal Identifier. You do not need to include any otherRead MoreSb121 Week 2 Case Study 21074 Words   |  5 Pagescriminal justice. It was introduced on January 27th of 2015. The bill was created to determining the qualifications to be compensated if one was wrongfully put in prison. 3. The mission of the interest group Texas Medical Association, otherwise known as TMA, is to â€Å"stand up for Texas physicians by providing distinctive solutions to the challenges that encounter in the care of patients,† by taking initiatives to improve access to care, advocating and educating people about important public health topics

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Cyber Laws and Cyber Crime - 3575 Words

Presented by: Kale Sandeep N. Gaikwad Avinash R. S.E.(Comp) S.E.(I T) E-mail: sanrajkale@gmail.com E-mail: avi.om007@gmail.com Mob: 919970061442 Mob: 919960308551 G H Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Management, Jalgaon (M.S) Index Topics Page No. 1 Abstract 1 2 Introduction 2 3 Cyber crime 2 4 Classification of Cyber crime 2 5 Status of Cyber Crime 6 6 Cyber law 7 7 Cyber Law in India 8 8 Advantages of Cyber Law 9 9 General Suggestions and information†¦show more content†¦3.2. Against Property: 3.2.1.Credit Card Fraud :You simply have to type credit card number into www page of vendor for online transaction. If electronic transactions are not secured the credit card numbers can be stolen by the hackers who can misuse this card by impersonating the credit card owner. 3.2.2. Intellectual Property crimes: These include Software piracy i.e. illegal copying of programs, distribution of copies of software ,Copyright infringement Trademarks violations ,Theft of computer source code 3.2.3.Internet time theft: The usage of the Internet hours by an unauthorized person which is actually paid by another person. 3.3. Against Organization 3.3.1. Unauthorized Accessing of Computer: Accessing the computer/network without permission from the owner. This activity is commonly referred to as hacking. The Indian law has, however, given a different connotation to the term hacking, so we will not use the term â€Å"unauthorized access† interchangeably with the term â€Å"hacking†. It can be of 2 forms one is Changing/deleting data i.e. unauthorized change in data and other is Computer voyeur where the criminal reads or copies confidential or proprietary information, but the data is neither deleted nor changed. 3.3.2. Denial Of Service When Internet server is flooded with continuous bogus requests soShow MoreRelatedEssay on Cyber Crime and Cyber Law2728 Words   |  11 Pagesin the success of globalization and international business. Computers are being used worldwide and due to this, cyber crimes are increasing continuously with a rapid growth (Cheeseman, 2006). These types of crimes have become a matter of importance for the consumers as well the business firms because it involves large eviction of the amount in terms of money. In these types of crimes, computer and Internet are the primary factor (Spinello, 2000). A high percentage of population is using computersRead MoreThe Article On Cyber Crime Laws772 Words   |  4 Pagesarticle What Makes cyber crime laws so difficult to enforces by Deb Shinder of the Tech Republic . The article talks about why it is so hard to control cyber crime and enforce laws that will help prevent and protect people from cyber crime. The article starts about talking about how at first when the internet got mainstream it was not regulated at all, but over the coming years we have passed law that regulate things that you can do on the internet. Even though we have these laws that are not workingRead MoreShould Government Implement Laws For Cyber Crime?977 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Should Government imple ment laws to prevent cyber crime† Today is the era of technology and globalisation, as it connects the whole world together but also opens new ways to crime. Cyber crime is the result of negative use of technology. Cyber crime refers to a crime which is committed through internet or computer. Cyber crime is of differenr types like stealing of money or information, piracy, electronic vendalism that is destroying or changing the electronic information. Cyber terrorism which threatensRead MoreThe Achievement And Success Of Cyber Crimes1124 Words   |  5 PagesSuccess in Cybercrime Cyber crimes refer to crimes committed against computers, computer networks of the information stored in computers (Bronk, 2008). In the past, the main problem that law enforcement officers have faced with regard to cyber crimes has had to do with the jurisdiction. With the prominence of the internet as a means communication and computers are a means of accessing information, cyber crimes have become prevalent. However, given the realisation that cyber crimes can be committed byRead MoreCyber Law1506 Words   |  7 PagesCYBER LAW INTRODUCTION: Cyberlaw is a new phenomenon having emerged much after the onset of Internet. Internet grew in a completely unplanned and unregulated manner. Even the inventors of Internet could not have really anticipated the scope and far reaching consequences of cyberspace. The growth rate of cyberspace has been enormous. Internet is growing rapidly and with the population of Internet doubling roughly every 100 days, Cyberspace is becoming the new preferred environment of theRead MoreCyber Crimes And The Crime1153 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Law Enforcement have always been tasked with having to evolve with the trends in crime throughout history. Unfortunately for Law Enforcement, they are always on the back end of that and are often behind for months before being able to counteract. Cyber crimes are no different. Cyber Crimes are a new and always developing form of crime that bases its entire agenda from taking advantage of its victims over the internet. Law Enforcement s job is to assess and work to stop these crimes but itRead MoreThe Issue Of Cyber Crimes Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pagesis one of the main issues on account of cyber crimes because of the extremely inclusive nature of the cyber crimes. With the constantly developing arm of the internet the territorial concept appears to vanish. New Methods for resolution of dispute should offer route to the traditional techniques. Accordingly, the Information Technology Act, 2000 is quiet on these issues. In spite of the fact that S. 75 accommodates extra territorial operations of this law, yet they could be significant just whenRead MoreThe Patriot Act Title Vii Section 814 And 8161429 Words   |  6 PagesSection 814 and 816. These sections of the Patriot Act protects the citizens of The United States from the world’s newest form of terror; Cyber-Terrorism. The aim is to explain this law, its adequacies, and inadequacies in detail and to offer suggestions and solutions for its shortcomings. Commission of Cyber Terrorism In 2013, a man, investigators named the â€Å"Sexual Cyber Terrorist† extorted over 350 women by hacking into their email accounts and baiting them into giving him nude photos. If the women didRead MoreThe Complexities of Prosecuting Cyber Crime Essay650 Words   |  3 PagesCyber crime and traditional crime have similar identifiable traits when criminal activity is the outcome. The goal of any criminal is to cause harm, threat steal, extortion, to name a few with intent to harm the public good. Local and state law prosecutes traditional crimes through the state attorney. The prosecutor represents the people(entity) of the state. The defendant or the entity charged must prove to the state, by reasonable doubt, their innocent’s of the charges. IndividualsRead MoreEssay on Cyber Crime and National Security1000 Words   |  4 PagesEssay on Cyber Crime And National Security When we talk about national security, we talk about the security of over one billion people and sovereignty of a country that is culturally rich, politically stable, socially compact and economically emerging. The worst victim of terrorism and naxalism India and its national security has been threatened recently by cyber crime. They concept of cyber crime is not radically different from the concept of conventional crime. Cyber crime is the latest and

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Ethics Maker of Smartphone Surveillance App Fined Avoids Jail Time

Question: Discuss about the Ethics for Maker of Smartphone Surveillance App Fined Avoids Jail Time. Answer: Introduction: The author discusses the given article from the perspective of two theories Just Consequentialism' and Moral judgment' and presents his viewpoints. Both beliefs are different to a degree, and the end-result is decided to depend on its inherent principles. Overview of the Article: Hammad Akbar, the creator of the smartphone application StealthGenie,' had one purpose to listen to the conversation and track the locations of unsuspecting individuals mostly to catch cheating lovers through mobile phone calls. In doing so broke federal laws and was fined US$ 500,000 or A$ 587,000 by the US District Court for Eastern District of Virginia. He sold the app at a premium price of about $100 to $200 for Platinum version. It leads to access to the contacts, calendar events, photos and almost everything when the app installed on the suspect's phone. This app can even extend its capabilities by recording calls, and turning on the users microphone so the person on another side can listen to the surroundings. He spent ten days in jail and subsequently released on the condition that he will post bail the required amount and pleaded guilty. He went on to show his honesty by detailing the apps activities and legal procurements (Life, Apps, Maker of smartphone surveillance app fined, 2014). The author explains two classical ethical theories: Just Consequentialism: As stated by Dorsey, (2013), it is based on two principles, which states that an act can be defined right or wrong from the results of its action. And, another principle is that the better is the product of the work the better it is or justifiable. It is based on the fact that, a person must choose the proper action which he thinks will result in a good outcome. There are two different forms of Consequentialism Utilitarianism and Hedonism (BBC - Ethics - Introduction to Ethics: Consequentialism, 2016). Utilitarianism defines that people should get involved in the welfare of others and maximize its usefulness. Hedonism explains that people should participate in getting the maximum pleasure (Brand, 2013). Act Consequentialism explains how people cannot define their moral or ethical consequences of each action of theirs. Moral or Ethical Judgments: As stated by Mudrack Mason, (2013), it explains how humans categorize people or actions in simple perspectives of right or wrong, right or bad. Moral judgments can be different from one to the other. One can find Mahatma Gandhi as a good person while another one can argue about him and define him evil. These are considered to fall into the realm of broad categories. When one consider the traits or character of a person as honest, caring and loving who keep promises said to have good virtues and a faithful person. Another person who is dishonest, rude and unforgiving is supposed to have an evil character (LectureforExercise1.html, 2016). According to Pennycook et al., (2014), for making ethical judgments of actions, it is categorized into right or wrong. In moral decisions, people are considered to be bad or good. For making moral decisions about characters, traits, virtues of a person, one categorize into good or bad (Roeser, 2012). Analysis from Just Consequentialism view: From the opinion of just Consequentialism, it is seen that even though the app was released in good intentions taking in account the history of Hammad Akbar, the app had the potential to wreck a family or an individual's life or more severe event. To come to a decision, both good and bad factors need evaluation to find out, which outweighs the other. The advantages are, it is meant to help those who are in a relationship, to catch the other person in suspicion of indulging in an act that is considered cheating or betrayal from their view. If the other person can find the individual, then he or she can force the other one to justify their actions or understand him or her into understanding. Whichever be the outcome, it can turn out to be good or wrong for the other person may not suspect it in advance. The one who is tracking the other person will have knowledge of the suspect regarding geolocation or track his/her whereabouts, record what he is doing or speak with whom. The disadvantages are, the unsuspecting individuals may not feel welcome about this action and would never appreciate this kind of act from their lover. It is not only a breach of privacy, but distrust, dishonesty, and betrayal. Therefore, judging from this viewpoint, this has the potential to be good and shows how much the technology has progressed over the years and make a relationship make or break for the right. Analysis from Ethical and Moral Judgement view: From the other perspective of Ethical and Moral Judgement, it is found that the acts performed by the application are simply wrong in its actions. An app should not have any permission to intrude into the lives of others unless parents employ it to monitor their children or to take care of the elder relatives in which case permission is required to do so. Though the app is meant to be beneficial by those who want to intrude on their lovers but for unsuspecting individuals it can be very dangerous. The unsuspected ones will be victims and even if they do any wrong they would not justify this breach of privacy from their lover or anyone. Since the app does not have a mind on its own, so the blame entirely belongs to the creator. His character or virtue in this regard is considered to be morally wrong with harmful practices and bad intentions. Therefore, the person is deemed to be bad by moral judgment. Figure 1: Argument map in the case of Hammad Akbar (Source: Rationale - online argument mapping, 2016) Conclusion: The author critically analyses the article and makes the point on how the situation is morally and ethically wrong based on the actions and behavior of the application. From Just Consequentialism' view the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the author came to the conclusion that the pros outweigh the cons and therefore the act is justifiable. From Morally or Ethically Judgemental view, the author found it to be very wrong regarding behavior, intention and overall trait of that of the app, aka the creator. Hence, he does not endorse it to be good. References: BBC-Ethics-Introductio to ethics: Consequentialism. (2016).Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 31 May 2016, from https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/introduction/consequentialism_1.shtml Brand, J. (2013). Beyond Consequentialism.Philosophical Review,122(4), 657-661 Dorsey, D. (2013). Consequentialism, Cognitive Limitations, and Moral Theory.Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics,3. LectureforExercise1.html. (2016).Spot.colorado.edu. Retrieved 31 May 2016, from https://spot.colorado.edu/~tooley/Lecture3-EthicalTheories.html Life, D., Apps, S., Maker of smartphone surveillance app fined, a. (2014).StealthGenie maker fined for 'stalker' app.The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 31 May 2016, from https://www.smh.com.au/digital-life/smartphone-apps/maker-of-smartphone-surveillance-app-fined-avoids-jail-time-20141126-11upqs.html Mudrack, P. E., Mason, E. S. (2013). Ethical judgments: What do we know, where do we go?.Journal of Business Ethics,115(3), 575-597. Pennycook, G., Cheyne, J. A., Barr, N., Koehler, D. J., Fugelsang, J. A. (2014). The role of analytic thinking in moral judgements and values.Thinking Reasoning,20(2), 188-214. Roeser, S. (2012). The relation between cognition and affect in moral judgements about risks.The Ethics of Technological Risk, 182.

Wednesday, April 8, 2020

Eisenhower Kennedy Essay Example

Eisenhower Kennedy Essay In January 1961, Dwight Eisenhowers presidency was coming to an end, and the nation was preparing for the new administration of John Kennedy. Within a week of each other, the two men both made addresses to the nation Eisenhower made a farewell speech and Kennedy delivered his inaugural address. There were significant similarities and differences in the speeches. While both men understood that the Cold War would be a national priority for the foreseeable future, they also saw the risks posed by a global military buildup albeit from different perspectives. Finally, Eisenhower focused some of his address on domestic issues, while Kennedy spent his entire address talking in more global terms. One area of similarity between the Eisenhower and Kennedy addresses is that both men recognized the lasting threats posed by the Cold War, although neither man directly referenced the Soviet Union. Eisenhower, as a general and then president, saw the Iron Curtain descend across Europe and how th e Soviet influence was spreading around the globe. This was an active and volatile situation inherited by Kennedy, and both Eisenhower and Kennedy made it clear in their addresses that they expected the conflict to be a dominating presence during Kennedys pending presidency and beyond. Looking forward, Eisenhower reflected that the achievement of Americas noble goals was being persistently threatened by the conflict now engulfing the world. If there was any doubt that Eisenhower was talking about the spread of communism, he erased that by describing the hostile ideology as atheistic in character, which is a key tenet of communism. Eisenhower warned that America was going to have to confront the threat for years, even going so far as to say it promises to be of indefinite duration. He was girding America for a protracted struggle, a strategy that was also used by

Monday, March 9, 2020

Howard Schultz and Karl Eller essays

Howard Schultz and Karl Eller essays Howard Schultz and Karl Eller can both be considered great entrepreneurs. Both were extreme risk takes, moving ahead at fast paces without concern that their ideas may backfire. Both began their professional careers as salesmen, and were able to go past that level into executive positions at each of their corporations by taking risks and learning from their own mistakes as well as the successes and failures of others around him. Howard Schultz began his entrepreneurial career at a very young age by finding new and innovative ways to do things and always on the lookout for new possibilities. Because of his exposure to specialty coffee and the experience in Italy, he was able to envision an idea that swept across America and has become a household tradition. Schultz saw his opportunity and was able to take two different ways of doing things and mold them into one unique coffee experience for everyone to enjoy. Karl Eller began as a salesman as well, and within 5 years, became head of his branch office for the company he worked for. Due to his hard work, diligence and perseverance, Eller never managed to see an opportunity and let it pass by. As his experience as a billboard salesman had increased, so had his quest for new opportunities. When he bought what is now known as Eller Media, it was the largest company in the industry with over 50,000 billboards and Karl Eller has made the idea into an actuality because of his risk averseness and ability to spot opportunities and act on them as he sees them. Both of these men are known today as worthy of the entrepreneurs hall of fame. Because of their willingness to take risks and act on opportunities as they presented themselves, Schultz and Eller became household names, not only in their industry, but throughout the business world. Making money may be part of the satisfaction they get, but the true entrepreneur is able to be motivated simply with the urge t ...

Friday, February 21, 2020

Keynesianism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Keynesianism - Research Paper Example Estimated to be worth about $787 billion, the stimulus issued by the Obama administration was to save over 90,000 jobs (Calmes, 2009). The stimulus was broken down to $288 billion, allocated to tax cuts, $224 billion for unemployment benefits, education and healthcare, and $275 billion for job creation through grants and loans from government. The main aim of the plan was to restore confidence in the economy and to spur economic growth given the monetary policy had failed to save the situation. It was also to bring confidence by reducing bonuses to senior executives whose companies had received TARP funds. According to Williams and Calabrese (2013), in a scientific society, there are about four types of theories: descriptive, explanatory and predictive, instrumental and normative. Descriptive and explanatory theories can be categorized under positive while the other two are grouped under prescriptive or normative. Descriptive theories can be said to be forerunners of explanatory theories as they tend to find how different constructs are interrelated. These may include core elements, characteristics, relationships, or dimensions. They are meant to set stage for explanation and prediction. Explanatory theory on the other hand gives insights on what caused an outcome in way that it can be observed. Predictions come in as a test of explanations. instrumentals depend on predictions, they work on the fact that if something occurs, another thing will occur as a result. The Obama Stimulus was positive in nature. It focused on the actual facts on the ground as opposed to general assumptions. At the time of its launch, unemployment rate was at 9%, and to solve this, the government allocated $275 billion for job creationin since monetary policy had failed to bear concrete fruits. This plan was also based on normative theories as it determined how the economy behaved within a time frame of ten years. Within this

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary - Essay Example In Rudolph’s article, the history of American universities is presented. From the earliest days, the struggle of those who sought a better way for American students is shared with the reader. Some men begged books to start new schools, some man fought danger in the wilderness to found a new college that would present education to the people. The early days were a real challenge. As America grew, so did its universities. Many schools were inspired by a religious awakening that occurred in America's early days. Each denomination had its own school and many of these survive to this day. At their best, Rudolph argues, these schools represented American democracy and helped the idea of America flourish. Kerr's article presents a more contemporary view of universities and shows how they are adapting to try to survive in today's changing marketplace. Universities play a somewhat different role than they did in the period discussed by Rudolph. Now they are intended more to train peopl e for employment and conduct important research that can save lives and change the way we think about our place in the world. But funding is scarce. Research universities are the fountainhead of research and development and yet they lack the federal funds to continue to produce at an effective level. Kerr wonders about the future of such universities.